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- Gastrointestinal Cancer
Gastrointestinal cancer
Gastrointestinal cancers are those that affect the digestive system. They include stomach (gastric) cancer, pancreatic cancer, oesophageal cancer and bowel cancer. Another term for bowel cancer is colorectal cancer.
The main types of gastrointestinal cancer
The most common types of gastrointestinal cancer include:
Bile duct cancer
Bile ducts are part of the digestive system and are the tubes that link the liver and gallbladder to the small bowel. They transport bile, which helps break down the fat in our food.
Bile duct cancer (also called cholangiocarcinoma) develops in part of the bile duct lining. Abnormal cells start to multiply. They can spread into other areas including the gallbladder or pancreas.
Bile duct cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for bile duct cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Bowel cancer
Bowel cancer starts in the inner lining of the bowel wall. It most commonly starts from a polyp growing in the colon or rectum but sometimes arises independently. The bowel includes the small and large intestines. The large intestine includes the colon and the rectum.
Bowel cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for bowel cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Colorectal cancer
Gallbladder cancer is cancer of the biliary tract, part of the digestive system. It is one of the rarer types of cancer.
- The gallbladder stores bile made in the liver before it’s passed into the small bowel. The bile helps food digestion. It passes through a tube called the common bile duct which connects the gallbladder and liver to the small intestine.
- Gallbladder cancer happens when tissues in the lining of the gallbladder become abnormal and multiply. The most common type is adenocarcinoma – starting in glandular cells in the gallbladder lining.
- Unfortunately, by the time most people are diagnosed with gallbladder cancer, the tumour is often too large to remove surgically or has spread to other areas of the body. This makes it very difficult to treat.
Colorectal cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for colorectal cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Gallbladder cancer
Gallbladder cancer is cancer of the biliary tract, part of the digestive system. It is one of the rarer types of cancer.
- The gallbladder stores bile made in the liver before it’s passed into the small bowel. The bile helps food digestion. It passes through a tube called the common bile duct which connects the gallbladder and liver to the small intestine.
- Gallbladder cancer happens when tissues in the lining of the gallbladder become abnormal and multiply. The most common type is adenocarcinoma – starting in glandular cells in the gallbladder lining.
- Unfortunately, by the time most people are diagnosed with gallbladder cancer, the tumour is often too large to remove surgically or has spread to other areas of the body. This makes it very difficult to treat.
Gallbladder cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for gallbladder cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Liver Cancer
The liver is the largest internal organ of the human body, weighing around 1.5kg in the average adult. It is positioned on the upper right side of the abdomen, just below the rib cage.
Liver cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for liver cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Oesophageal cancer
Oesophageal cancer forms in the inner lining of the oesophageal wall. The oesophagus or food pipe is the tube that carries food and liquids from your mouth to your stomach.
Oesophageal cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for oesophageal cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer usually develops in the head or body of the pancreas. Tumours may affect how the pancreas works as a secretory organ, interfering with the production of digestive juices and vital hormones, such as insulin.
Pancreatic cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for pancreatic cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Stomach cancer
Stomach cancer starts when abnormal cells develop in the stomach and form tumours. These tumours can start anywhere in the stomach but are most common in the stomach lining.
Stomach cancer journey
Find out more about the treatment journey for stomach cancer, from diagnosis to survival.
Read next

Treatment
Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy may be offered in the early stages of cancer treatment, or after it has started to spread.

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