Small bowel cancers can develop in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, which make up the small intestine. According to Cancer Research UK, there are 1,700 new cases of small bowel cancer in the UK every year, but despite this, early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes for many. There are four main types of small bowel cancer and management of these conditions can be different. Your doctor will only select the most appropriate small bowel cancer treatment for you according to your specific condition.

We are the UK‘s leading specialist private cancer care provider. By choosing us, you can be reassured that your treatment will be managed by a team of specialists working together, with you, to decide the best, personalised care plan for your diagnosis. 

It‘s our commitment to offering world-class care to every patient with cancer.

There are a number of options of treatment available for small bowel cancer, such as: 

• Surgery – removal of the cancerous part of the small bowel 
• Chemotherapy – anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drugs that destroy the cancerous cells 
• Targeted therapy – a specialised group of drugs that attack or block certain processes in the cancer cells  
• Radiotherapy – high-energy radiation beams which are targeted at the cancer cells 

At GenesisCare, we diagnose and treat a wide range of cancers, and we understand that this can be a very worrying time. Our diagnostic services are first-class, and our commitment is to give you the answers you need, as quickly as possible. It‘s important to remember that symptoms can often be caused by other conditions and not always small bowel cancer. But, whatever your diagnosis, we can make sure you get the expert care you need and without delay. 

If you‘re concerned about small bowel cancer symptoms, we offer specialist small bowel cancer tests and diagnostics in our centres. Here you‘ll see one of our expert consultants who specialise in cancers affecting the small intestine. They‘ll assess your symptoms and, if necessary, refer you for diagnostic tests such as blood tests, endoscopy or imaging scans (including barium X-ray meal, CT, MRI or ultrasound). You may also need to see one of our and specialist dietitians.  

Small bowel cancer symptoms can be vague and similar to other conditions such as irritable bowel disease or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), so it‘s often tricky to diagnose. The main signs and symptoms of small bowel cancer are:

• Abdominal pains  
• Dark or black stools – this is because of bleeding  
• Diarrhoea 
• Unexpected weight loss  
• Nausea and vomiting 
• Tiredness  
• Low red blood cell count (anaemia) 

Other benign conditions may cause these symptoms and having one or more of the signs above doesn‘t mean you have small bowel cancer. If you‘re concerned about small bowel cancer, you should talk to your GP, and they can refer you to a specialist if they think it‘s needed, or you can book directly with us.

Sometimes, small bowel cancer can cause a complete or partial blockage of the small bowel. Symptoms of this include: 

• Abdominal pains 
• Vomiting 
• Constipation  
• Bloating

In rare cases, a blockage can cause the small bowel to tear. This can happen suddenly and is a serious condition. Signs of a tear in the bowel are: 

• Severe pain 
• Feeling faint or dizzy 
• Abdominal swelling

If you think you have a blockage or tear in the bowel, you need to go to your nearest accident and emergency department (A&E). 

There are different procedures for small bowel cancer surgery, and your surgeon will recommend the most appropriate technique depending on the location, size and stage of your tumour. Your surgeon will usually remove your cancer and some surrounding tissue, then re-join the small bowel. In some cases, nearby organs such as your colon or stomach may also need to be removed. If your cancer is causing a blockage in your small bowel, surgery can help relieve any associated symptoms. 

Our team also includes specialist dietitians, who may be involved in preparing you for surgery and helping with your recovery and rehabilitation.

No treatment is without side effects. Your doctor will explain these to you, together with the ways your treatment plan and supportive care can help manage or minimise these.

Our centres have all received the Macmillan Quality Environment Mark to reflect the quality of care we provide for people living with cancer.

There are different types of drug treatments, also called systemic anti-cancer therapies. Our expert teams continually review and assess new treatments to make these available to GenesisCare patients as early as possible.

Chemotherapy for small bowel cancers

Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs to destroy cancer cells. Chemotherapy is not often a primary treatment for small bowel cancer, but it may be delivered after surgery to reduce the chance of cancer from returning, or to treat advanced small bowel cancers cancer that have spread (metastasised) to other parts of the body.  

Targeted therapy for small bowel cancers

Targeted (also called biological) therapies are a specialised group of drugs that have been designed to attack or block specific processes in cancer cells that tumours depend on to survive and grow. You may have targeted therapies as part of your treatment for particular types of small bowel cancer called neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) and gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). 

Palliative care

If your cancer has spread to other parts of the body, it‘s called advanced or metastatic small bowel cancer. At GenesisCare, you can receive palliative drug treatment for advanced small bowel cancer, to reduce the size and progress of your cancer and ease any symptoms.  

Personalised medicine

For some advanced cancers, we use specialist tests, such as liquid biopsy or genomic testing, to understand cancer cells’ genetic makeup. This helps us to identify which drugs are available to work against the particular genetic mutations in a cancer, allowing us to start effective treatment without delay. 

There may also be opportunities to access clinical trials for the newest treatments for small bowel cancer.

Drug treatment side effects 

No treatment is without side effects. Your doctor will explain these to you depending on your drug treatment, together with how your treatment plan and supportive care can help manage or minimise these.

Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is a modern radiotherapy technique that directs radiation beams in an arc across the treatment area. Together with surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT), it‘s possible to precisely target areas of cancer, adjusting the beam and intensity of the radiation dose to allow for movements in the body and avoid healthy tissues. Side effects of radiotherapy occur when healthy tissues receive radiation, so using this technique helps to limit the dose to tissues and organs surrounding the tumour. At GenesisCare, we offer VMAT wherever possible because it is widely recognised to be the highest standard of care currently available for patients needing this type of radiotherapy.

We also offer palliative VMAT radiotherapy for those living with advanced small bowel cancer, where it has spread elsewhere in the body, to improve pain and increase mobility. We understand that fast access to palliative care is paramount and can usually provide treatment within 48 hours of a planning imaging scan.

No treatment is without side effects. Your doctor will explain these to you start your course of radiotherapy, together with the ways your treatment plan and supportive care can help manage or minimise these.

Our dedicated cancer centres are convenient and easy-to-access. You can use your private medical insurance, and we‘re recognised by all leading insurers.

We‘re proud that so many patients rate our care as excellent as we help them through their cancer journey. Find out more about the unique experiences of people who have had their cancer diagnosis or treatment at GenesisCare in our patient stories section.