Wondering what breast cancer looks and feels like?
Dr Yvonne Zissiadis, Radiation Oncologist at GenesisCare WA, shares her five key signs and symptoms to look out for this Breast Cancer Awareness Month.
Breast cancer is a serious health concern that affects many people, with an estimated 21,194 new cases of breast cancer to be diagnosed in Australia in 2024.1
Early detection of breast cancer is a crucial factor for people to receive timely treatment, and is associated with successful treatment and improved outcomes.2 Dr Zissiadis highlighted that “regular breast self-examination is an important tool for early detection of breast cancer, as it allows people to become familiar with their breasts and what looks and feels normal for them."
Knowing more about the signs and symptoms of breast cancer can help to identify any breast changes or unusual features if they do occur. Women also need to be aware that early breast cancer may be asymptomatic, which is why it is important to undergo screening tests, like a mammogram. These can detect breast cancer that may be too small to feel.2
Key signs and symptoms associated with breast cancer
Breast cancer can present with a variety of signs and symptoms, which may vary depending on the type and location of the cancer and stage of the disease.
Dr Zissiadis explains how “understanding how these signs and symptoms can affect the look and feel of breast tissue helps people to recognise any changes during their regular self-examinations, with the goal to catch these changes early and seek medical attention."2
Here are five common signs and symptoms to be on the lookout for:3,4
1. Lump or mass: A noticeable lump or mass or thickened area of skin in the breast or underarm area is one of the most common signs. It is often hard and may feel different from the surrounding breast tissue.
2. Change in breast shape or size: Breast cancer can cause changes in the shape or size of the breast, which may include swelling or a noticeable difference in shape.
3. Skin changes: The skin over the breast or nipple may show changes, including a colour change (pink, red, or purple), dimpling, crusting, or puckering (may look wrinkled or folded). In some cases, the skin may look like an orange peel.
4. Nipple changes: Breast cancer can cause nipple changes, including inversion (nipple turning inward), discharge (which may be bloody or clear), or a rash.
5. Pain or tenderness: Although less common, some individuals may experience pain or tenderness in the breast or nipple area. It is important to note that breast cancer is often painless in its early stages.
Dr Zissiadis reminds us that “when it comes to breast health, regular screening is essential for early detection. Breast cancer screening involves specialised X-rays of the breast called mammograms, which can detect abnormalities in the breast tissue including cancers and pre-cancerous conditions.5
Many healthcare providers offer various breast screening programs, including mammograms, which can be accessed through local clinics, hospitals, or specialised breast centers. It's important to check with your healthcare provider to find the best options available for you.
Patients should also consider reaching out to local support groups or health organisations, which can provide additional resources and guidance on scheduling screenings.”
Dr Zissiadis points out that “everyone's breasts are unique, and what looks and feels normal for you may be different from others. Being familiar with the common signs and symptoms of breast cancer can help you recognise any changes when doing breast self-examinations, leading to early intervention. If you have any concerns or questions about any changes in your breasts, it's important to consult a healthcare professional."
To find out more about breast cancer
Dr Yvonne Zissiadis
Radiation Oncologist
MBBS, FRANZCR
Centres
GenesisCare Wembley (Oncology)
GenesisCare Fiona Stanley Hospital (Oncology)
GenesisCare Hollywood (Oncology)