What causes prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer found in Australian men.¹ The latest data by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare estimated that there would be 25,500 cases of prostate cancer diagnosed in males in 2023, thought to account for 28% of all cancers diagnosed in males that year.¹ Read on to find out what causes prostate cancer and what factors may increase your risk of developing it.

Your unique genetic make-up can impact your risk of developing cancer, including prostate cancer. For example, mutations occurring in genes called BRCA1 and BRCA2 (normally associated with breast cancer) can also increase the risk of developing prostate cancer. So can other genetic risk factors, such as lynch syndrome. Genetic testing may be recommended for people who have a family history of prostate cancer in order to identify any relevant mutations and create personalised screening and management strategies that meet the specific needs of each person.^2,3

Family history is another factor that plays an important role in the risk of developing prostate cancer.  People who have a first degree relative (brother or father) diagnosed with prostate cancer before the age of 60 years are considered at higher risk of developing this disease.^2,3 Individuals who have a family history of both breast and ovarian cancer are also considered to be at a higher risk of developing prostate cancer.^2,3 Understanding and documenting family history can help guide healthcare providers in recommending appropriate screening measures according to your individual risk factors.

Your age is another important risk factor for prostate cancer, as the risk of development increases from age 50. Prostate cancer is most commonly diagnosed between ages 60 and 79.^2,3

There are certain lifestyle factors that can be modified which can influence cancer risk. These factors include:⁴

• Obesity
• Physical inactivity
• Excessive alcohol and tobacco consumption

Adopting a healthy lifestyle such as maintaining a healthy weight, being physically active, limiting alcohol intake and tobacco intake, may help reduce the risk of developing cancer such as prostate cancer.⁴

If you are concerned about your risk of developing prostate cancer, speak to your doctor or healthcare professional.

Disclaimer

This blog is provided for information purposes only. It is not a substitute for your own health care professional's advice. It should not be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Any medical procedure or treatment carries risks. Individual treatment outcomes and experiences will vary.